Sally Smith Hughes, Ph.D., is a retired Academic Specialist in History of Science in the Regional Oral History Office at The Bancroft Library. She has conducted close to 150 archival quality oral histories for the Program in Bioscience and Biotechnology Studies, which she directs and which reflects the areas of her research interests. She is the author of The Virus: A History of the Concept (Heinemann, 1977) and "Making Dollars out of DNA: The First Major Patent in Biotechnology and the Commercialization of Molecular Biology, 1974-1980," Isis 2001, 92:541-575. She has recently published  a book on the earliest years of Genentech, titled Genentech: The Beginnings of Biotech.